Hoi Son Pagoda – A National Architectural Heritage in Ho Chi Minh City
Located on Quyet Hill in Long Binh Ward, Thu Duc City (formerly District 9), Hoi Son Pagoda, also known as Khanh Long Pagoda, is one of the oldest and most culturally rich temples in southern Vietnam. Founded in the late 18th century by Venerable Dao Thanh Khanh Long, the temple has been home to 13 generations of abbots and continues to be a spiritual and cultural landmark.
The pagoda’s location is described in the historical record “Dai Nam Nhat Thong Chi” compiled during the reign of Emperor Tu Duc:
“... The tail of Chau Thoi Mountain runs through the north, branching out and rising into a high, flat hill with ancient trees and natural flowers. There are caves and streams nearby, surrounded by local homes. The scenery is tranquil and secluded.”
In 1993, Hoi Son Pagoda was officially recognized as a National Architectural and Artistic Heritage Site.
A Unique Blend of Cultures and Architectural Styles
Hoi Son Pagoda showcases a fascinating blend of Vietnamese, Chinese, and Khmer architectural and religious elements. The main hall is constructed in the traditional Northern Vietnamese Mahayana Buddhist style with red-tiled floors, yin-yang roof tiles, and brick walls.
Inside the main sanctuary, statues are arranged according to the principle “Buddha in front, Patriarchs behind.” Visitors will find statues of the Western Trinity, the Eighteen Arhats, Guanyin Thi Kinh, and Dharma Protectors. Behind the main altar are portraits of the temple’s founder and three enlightened patriarchs who helped establish other temples throughout the region. There are also altars dedicated to prominent nuns and the most recent abbots.
One notable feature is the altar dedicated to Guan Gong, a popular figure in Chinese folk religion and Buddhism, symbolising the influence of Chinese-Vietnamese cultural exchange. Additionally, the seated Buddha statue under a dragon-headed canopy – a distinct difference from the snake-headed canopy commonly seen in Khmer temples – highlights the fusion of Vietnamese and Khmer Buddhist traditions.
Preserving Sacred Heritage Through Time
Despite the passage of time and historical changes, many valuable artifacts have been preserved. While some ancient statues like the Sun God and Moon Goddess have been lost, significant relics remain. Among them is a wooden plaque inscribed “Dai Duc Hong Danh” (Great Virtue, Glorious Name), a royal gift from Emperor Khai Dinh during his visit to the temple.
The temple still retains four massive wooden columns and a pair of poetic couplets expressing the wish for national peace and prosperity through Buddhist teachings.
A Peaceful Retreat for All
Hoi Son Pagoda not only serves as a sacred place for worship but also plays an active role in community life. The temple regularly hosts prayer ceremonies, Buddhist teachings, and charitable activities. On full moon days and the first day of each lunar month, the pagoda attracts hundreds of pilgrims and visitors seeking peace, blessings, or even romantic fortunes.
With its serene natural setting, rich history, and cultural significance, Hoi Son Pagoda remains a cherished destination for spiritual seekers, history lovers, and curious travellers alike